Fraxinus excelsior (lat. Fraxinus excelsior) – a flowering plant species in the olive family. It is native throughout mainland Europe, the Mediterranean countries, the Balkans and Asia Minor, as well as the broad-leaved forests of the Crimea and the Caucasus. It is naturally spread in Samur-Shabran, the Greater Caucasus (Guba, Gobustan, Alazan-Alichay) and the Lesser Caucasus, Nakhchivan and Lankaran lowlands.